Home and Fire Safety

Smoke alarms are one of the most important tools in fire safety, providing early warning and giving you and your family the precious time needed to escape in the event of a fire. 

Understanding where to install smoke alarms, how to maintain them, and what types are best for your home is essential. 

According to NFPA research:

• Roughly three out of five fire deaths happen in homes with either no smoke alarms or no working smoke alarms.
• More than one-third (38 percent) of home fire deaths result from fires in which no smoke alarms are present.
• The risk of dying in a home fire is cut in half in homes with working smoke alarms.

Safety tips

• Place smoke alarms where they matter most. Install them inside every bedroom, outside sleeping areas, and on every level of your home, including the basement.
• For the best protection, use interconnected smoke alarms. When one alarm goes off, they all go off—giving everyone more time to react.
• Test your smoke alarms monthly. Just press the test button to make sure they’re working properly.
• Replace your smoke alarms every 10 years. If they aren’t working, swap them out sooner.
• Install smoke alarms correctly. Mount them on the ceiling or high up on a wall. Keep them at least 10 feet (3 meters) away from the stove to avoid false alarms.
• Closing doors at night can save lives. A closed door can slow the spread of smoke, heat, and fire, giving you more time to escape.
• Special alarms are available for people who are hard of hearing or deaf. These alarms use flashing lights, bed shakers, or loud, low-pitched sounds to wake people up in case of a fire. A pillow or bed shaker can also help, as it activates when the smoke alarm sounds.

Carbon monoxide (CO), known as the invisible killer, is a colorless, odorless, and deadly gas that can be produced by fuel-burning appliances, vehicles, and other sources. Because it is undetectable without a CO alarm, exposure can quickly become life-threatening. Symptoms of CO poisoning—such as dizziness, headaches, confusion, and nausea—can be mistaken for other illnesses, making it even more dangerous.

To help protect you and your loved ones, we’ve outlined essential safety tips below. Taking the right precautions can prevent CO buildup in your home and ensure early detection in case of an emergency.

Safety Tips

• Install CO alarms outside every sleeping area and on every level of your home to help detect this invisible, deadly gas.
• For the best protection, use interconnected CO alarms—if one goes off, they all do, giving everyone an early warning.
• Test your CO alarms every month and replace them as recommended by the manufacturer.
• Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the best placement and mounting height.
• If your CO alarm goes off, get everyone outside to fresh air immediately. Call 9-1-1 and wait for the fire department to confirm it’s safe to go back inside.
• If your CO alarm chirps with a trouble signal, check the batteries. If replacing them doesn’t stop the sound, call the fire department.
• Never leave a running vehicle inside the garage—even with the door open. Move it outside right away to prevent CO buildup. Also, make sure the exhaust pipe isn’t blocked by snow.
• After a snowstorm, check that vents for your dryer, furnace, stove, and fireplace are clear of snow.
• Use generators only outside, away from windows, doors, and vents to keep CO from getting inside.
• Gas and charcoal grills release CO—always use them outdoors, never inside your home or garage.

When a fire breaks out, every second counts. A well-prepared home escape plan can mean the difference between safety and tragedy. Fires can spread rapidly, leaving little time to react—having a clear plan in place ensures that everyone in your household knows exactly what to do in an emergency. Creating and practicing your escape plan increases the chances of a quick and safe exit. 

Below are essential tips to help you design an effective home fire escape plan.

• Gather everyone in your household and create an escape plan together. Walk through your home to identify all possible exits. If you have children, consider drawing a floor plan and marking at least two ways out of each room, including windows and doors. Don’t forget to mark the location of your smoke alarms.
• Closing doors can slow the spread of fire, smoke, and heat. Install smoke alarms in every bedroom, outside each sleeping area, and on every level of your home. For the best protection, choose interconnected smoke alarms—if one goes off, they all do.
• As you go through your plan, check that all escape routes are clear and that doors and windows open easily.
• Pick a safe meeting spot outside, such as a neighbor’s house, a mailbox, or a streetlight, where everyone will gather after escaping. Mark this spot on your escape plan so everyone knows where to go.
• Make sure your house number is visible from the street so emergency responders can find you quickly.
• Ensure everyone in your household knows to call 9-1-1 in an emergency. If you have young children, practice with them so they remember.
• If anyone in your home has mobility challenges, assign someone to help them in an emergency. Have a backup person ready in case the first helper isn’t home.
• If you have security bars on windows or doors, make sure they have an emergency release so you can open them quickly if needed. These safety features won’t compromise security but will improve your chances of getting out safely.
• Share your escape plan with guests or visitors. When staying overnight at someone else’s home, ask about their plan—and if they don’t have one, offer to help them make one. This is especially important for kids attending sleepovers.
• Treat every alarm as the real thing—when a smoke alarm sounds, get out immediately. If you live in an apartment or high-rise, sometimes staying in place may be the safest option.
• Once you’re outside, stay outside. Never go back into a burning building for any reason. If someone is missing, let firefighters know right away—they have the training and equipment to perform rescues.

More resources

• Create your own home escape plan using our printable template. Use the grid to draw a floor plan of your home.
• Watch Every Second Counts in a Home Fire - Plan Your Escape Route from the National Fire Protection Association.

In the event of a house fire, closing your bedroom door before you go to sleep can make a life-saving difference. Studies by UL’s Fire Safety Research Institute (FSRI) show that a closed door can slow the spread of fire, reduce toxic smoke levels, and keep temperatures significantly lower - giving you and your loved ones more time to escape or be rescued.

Key benefits of closing your door at night:

• A closed door can keep room temperatures under 100°F, while an open door can allow temperatures to reach over 1,000°F during a fire.
• It blocks smoke and toxic gases, reducing carbon monoxide levels that can cause unconsciousness.
• Fires spread faster than ever due to modern synthetic materials—closing your door can buy you crucial extra minutes to react.

Make it a habit:

• Close all bedroom doors before sleeping.
• Plan and practice your home escape plan with two ways out.
• Install working smoke alarms inside and outside every sleeping area.

Watch Close Before You Doze from the Fire Safety Research Institute.

Taking just a few seconds to Close Before You Doze could save your life. Share this simple but powerful fire safety tip with your family and friends!

Fire extinguishers are a valuable tool for controlling small fires before they spread, but they must be used correctly and in the right situations. Understanding when and how to use a fire extinguisher can make a crucial difference in an emergency. However, safety should always come first—never attempt to fight a fire if it is too large, spreading quickly, or putting you at risk. 

• A portable fire extinguisher is best used when the fire is small, contained in a specific area like a wastebasket, and hasn’t spread; everyone has already evacuated the building; the fire department has been notified or is on their way; and the room is not filled with smoke.
• When using a fire extinguisher, remember the acronym PASS:
• Pull the pin to unlock the safety mechanism.
• Aim low, directing the nozzle at the base of the fire.
• Squeeze the handle gently and steadily.
• Sweep the nozzle from side to side across the base of the fire.
• For home use, choose a multi-purpose fire extinguisher that can be used for various types of home fires. Select one that’s big enough to handle a small fire, but not so heavy that it's difficult to manage.
• Make sure the extinguisher is approved by a recognized testing organization.
• Before a fire occurs, read the instructions and become familiar with the extinguisher’s components and how it works. 
• Install fire extinguishers near exits and always ensure you have a clear escape route. If the room fills with smoke or the fire cannot be controlled, exit immediately.
• Fire extinguishers are part of your fire safety plan, but the primary focus should always be on getting out safely.

Remember, every household should have working smoke alarms and a well-practiced home escape plan. Find more information on smoke alarms and home escape plans on this page.

As temperatures drop, heating equipment becomes essential for comfort—but it also increases the risk of home fires. In fact, heating-related fires are a leading cause of house fires during the colder months. Whether you're using a furnace, space heater, fireplace, or wood stove, taking the right precautions can help prevent fires and keep your home safe. Below are important safety tips to reduce the risk of heating-related fires and ensure your family stays warm and secure.

Heating safety tips:

• Keep anything flammable—like furniture, blankets, or curtains—at least three feet (one metre) away from heating devices such as furnaces, fireplaces, wood stoves, and space heaters.
• Always turn off space heaters before leaving the room or heading to bed.
• Create a three-foot "kid-free zone" around fireplaces and space heaters to keep little ones safe.
• Schedule a yearly inspection and cleaning of your heating system and chimney by a licensed professional to reduce fire risks.
• Never use your oven as a heat source—it’s a fire hazard and can release dangerous fumes.
• When installing heating equipment, water heaters, or central heating systems, hire a professional to ensure they’re set up according to safety codes and manufacturer guidelines.
• If you have a fireplace, use a sturdy screen to prevent sparks from escaping. Always let ashes cool completely before placing them in a metal container, and store the container away from your home.
• Wood-burning stoves should be installed by a professional or according to the manufacturer’s instructions. All fuel-burning appliances must be properly vented outside to prevent carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning.
• Install and maintain CO alarms in your home for added protection. If you ever smell gas near a heater, do not try to light it—leave immediately and call the fire department or gas company.

Cooking is the leading cause of home fires and home-fire injuries in Canada. Unattended cooking, especially when using oil or high temperatures, significantly increases the risk of fire. 

To enhance kitchen safety and prevent cooking-related fires, consider the following tips:

• Cook with caution! If you’re feeling drowsy or have been drinking alcohol, it’s best to avoid using the stove.
• Stay in the kitchen whenever you’re frying, boiling, grilling, or broiling food. If you need to step away, even for a moment, turn off the stove.
• When simmering, baking, or roasting, check on your food regularly. Stay home while cooking and use a timer to remind you that something’s in the oven.
• Keep flammable items like oven mitts, wooden utensils, food packaging, towels, and curtains away from the stovetop.
• Establish a kid-free zone—keep children at least 3 feet (1 metre) away from the stove and areas where hot food or drinks are being prepared or carried.

Electricity powers our homes and daily lives, but if not used safely, it can also pose serious fire hazards. Faulty wiring, overloaded outlets, and damaged cords are common causes of electrical fires. By taking simple precautions and staying aware of potential risks, you can help prevent electrical fires and keep your home and family safe. Below are essential safety tips to ensure your electrical system is used safely and efficiently.

Safety tips:

• Always use a licensed (qualified) electrician for any electrical work in your home.
• If you're buying or renovating a house, have it inspected by a qualified professional to ensure the electrical system is up to code.
• Check electrical cords regularly. Never run them under rugs or across doorways—this can cause wear and tear, leading to a fire hazard. They are intended for temporary use. If you're relying on extension cords, consider having more outlets installed by a qualified electrician.
• Only plug one heat-producing appliance (like a coffee maker, toaster, or space heater) into an outlet at a time to prevent overloading.
• Major appliances (such as refrigerators, dryers, washers, and microwaves) should always be plugged directly into a wall outlet—avoid using extension cords or power strips for these devices.
• Arc-fault circuit interrupters (AFCIs) detect dangerous electrical issues and shut off power to prevent fires. Consider installing them for extra protection.
• Ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) help prevent electric shocks. These should be installed in bathrooms, kitchens, garages, basements, and all outdoor outlets.
• Test AFCIs and GFCIs monthly by following the manufacturer’s instructions to make sure they’re working properly.
• Fires don’t always start with flames. Heat buildup from electrical issues—like a hot light bulb too close to flammable materials or a damaged cord under a rug—can ignite a fire.
• Always use light bulbs with the correct wattage for your fixtures—check the sticker for the recommended wattage.
• Call an electrician or your landlord immediately if you notice any of the following warning signs:
  • Circuit breakers tripping or fuses blowing frequently.
  • A tingling sensation when touching an appliance.
  • Discolored or warm outlets.
  • A burning or rubbery smell near appliances.
  • Flickering or dimming lights.
  • Sparks coming from an outlet.

Clothes dryers are a common household convenience, but without proper maintenance, they can become a serious fire hazard. Lint buildup, improper venting, and mechanical issues are leading causes of dryer-related fires. Regular cleaning and safe usage practices can significantly reduce the risk of fire and keep your home safe. Below are important safety tips to ensure your dryer operates efficiently and safely.

Safety tips:

• Get it installed by a pro. A qualified professional should set up and maintain your dryer to ensure it runs safely.
• Always use a lint filter. Running your dryer without one is a fire hazard.
• Clean out lint regularly. Before or after each load, remove lint from the filter and check around the drum for buildup.
• Use the right venting materials. A rigid or flexible metal vent pipe helps air flow properly and prevents overheating.
• Check the outdoor vent flap. Make sure it opens freely when the dryer is running and isn’t blocked by snow, dirt, or other debris.
• Clean the vent ducting once a year or if clothes are taking longer to dry, it might be time to clear out built-up lint—or hire a professional to do it.
• Keep your dryer in good shape. If you have a gas dryer, have a technician inspect the gas line regularly to make sure there are no leaks.
• Plug it in safely. Ensure your dryer is connected to the correct outlet and is properly grounded.
• Don’t overload it! Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to avoid straining the machine.
• Turn it off before bed or when leaving home. Never leave a running dryer unattended.
• Keep the area around your dryer clutter-free. Flammable items like boxes, clothes, and cleaning supplies should be stored elsewhere.

Smoking-related fires are one of the leading causes of home fire fatalities, but the good news is—they're preventable. Whether you smoke or have guests who do, taking simple precautions can make all the difference in keeping your home and loved ones safe. A single cigarette left unattended or improperly disposed of can spark a dangerous fire in seconds. 

By following these smoking safety tips, you can help prevent tragedy and ensure that your home remains a safe place for everyone.

• If you smoke, choose fire-safe cigarettes—they’re designed to burn out if left unattended.
• Always smoke outside. Most deadly fires start in living rooms, bedrooms, or dens.
• Keep lighters, matches, and cigarettes out of reach of children—store them high up in a locked cabinet.
• Never smoke near medical oxygen. Oxygen makes fires ignite faster, burn hotter, and spread rapidly.
• E-cigarettes can overheat, spark, or even explode while in use, charging, or being carried. Never leave them charging unattended, and handle them with care.

Put it out the right way

• Use a deep, sturdy ashtray and keep it away from anything flammable.
• Never toss cigarette butts in plants, mulch, dried grass, leaves, or anything that could catch fire.
• Before throwing away cigarette butts and ashes, make sure they’re completely out—douse them in water or sand.

Lithium-Ion batteries are commonly used in everyday devices such as smartphones, laptops, and electric vehicles due to their efficiency and energy storage capabilities. However, when these batteries are not used correctly, or if damaged, these batteries can catch on fire or explode. Understanding the risks and following safety guidelines can help prevent accidents and keep you safe from potential fires caused by overheating, overcharging, or physical damage to the batteries. 

The issue

• Lithium-Ion batteries pack a significant amount of energy into a compact space.
• Improper usage of these batteries can be hazardous, especially when they are not intended for specific devices.
• Though rare, some batteries can be defective, leading to overheating, fires, or even explosions.

Safety recommendations

• Always purchase devices that are approved by a recognized testing organization.
• Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for proper use and maintenance.
• Use only the battery specifically designed for your device.
• Ensure the battery is inserted correctly into the device.
• Only use the charging cable that came with the device to avoid compatibility issues.
• Avoid charging devices on soft surfaces like pillows, beds, or couches.
• Do not continue charging once the device has reached a full charge.
• Keep batteries within a safe temperature range—ideally room temperature—and avoid charging them in extreme cold (below 32°F / 0°C) or heat (above 105°F / 40°C).
• Store batteries away from anything flammable to prevent fires.

Signs of trouble

If you notice any of the following, stop using the battery immediately: unusual smells, discoloration, excessive heat, changes in shape, leakage, or strange noises. If it's safe, move the device away from flammable objects and contact emergency services (9-1-1).

Proper battery disposal

• Never dispose of lithium-ion batteries in the trash.
• Recycling is always the safest and most responsible choice.
• Avoid stacking discarded batteries together.

E-bike battery charging

Charge your e-bike’s battery in a flat, dry area, far from children, direct sunlight, liquids, tripping hazards, and ensure it is in a stable position to prevent it from falling.

Candles can create a warm and cozy atmosphere, but they also present a serious fire hazard if not used properly. It’s essential to follow fire safety precautions when using candles to ensure the safety of everyone in the home. 

• Always extinguish candles before leaving the room or going to bed. It's best to avoid using candles in bedrooms or any areas where people may fall asleep.
• Keep candles at least 1 foot (30 cm) away from anything that could catch fire.
• Use sturdy candle holders that are less likely to tip over.
• Place candle holders on a flat, clean surface free from clutter.
• Light candles carefully, keeping your hair and loose clothing away from the flame.
• Avoid burning candles all the way down. Extinguish them before the flame gets too close to the holder or container.
• Do not use candles in homes with oxygen equipment.
• During a power outage, rely on flashlights and battery-powered lights, instead of candles.
• Consider using flameless candles as a safe alternative. They look and smell like real candles but don’t pose a fire risk.
• Never leave children unattended in a room with a lit candle. Store matches and lighters in a cabinet, out of children’s reach.

Natural gas is a common and convenient source of energy in many homes, but it can also be dangerous if not handled properly. Ensuring safety when using natural gas appliances is essential to prevent fires, explosions, and other hazards. 

Safety tips

• Install a carbon monoxide detector: Make sure you have a working carbon monoxide detector in your home, especially near bedrooms. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that can be deadly, and it’s a byproduct of incomplete combustion from natural gas appliances.
• Check for gas leaks: Regularly inspect your home for the smell of gas, which is often described as a sulfur-like odor. If you detect gas, immediately leave the house, and call the gas company or emergency services.
• Don’t block vents or air flow: Ensure that all vents on gas appliances are clear and not obstructed. Blocked vents can lead to dangerous build-ups of carbon monoxide or gas, which could result in a fire.
• Use appliances properly: Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using natural gas appliances like stoves, furnaces, and water heaters. Never use these appliances for anything other than their intended purposes.
• Install and maintain appliances correctly: Have a professional install and maintain all natural gas appliances to ensure they are working safely. Regular maintenance can prevent gas leaks and keep your equipment functioning properly.
• Never leave a gas stove unattended: If you are using a natural gas stove, never leave it unattended while it is on. Always turn off the gas when you're finished cooking.
• Have professional inspections: Have your gas appliances and systems professionally inspected at least once a year to ensure they are safe and functioning properly. A qualified technician will check for leaks, ventilation issues, and signs of wear or malfunction.

These tips will help you reduce the risks associated with natural gas use in your home and keep your family safe. If you have any concerns or questions about natural gas safety, don’t hesitate to reach out to a local gas company or a professional technician.

Curiosity is natural for children, but when it comes to fire, curiosity can quickly turn dangerous. Kids are often drawn to the flicker of a flame, unaware of the risks. As parents and caregivers, it’s our job to teach them about fire safety early and create a home environment that keeps them protected. By setting clear rules, leading by example, and taking simple precautions, we can prevent accidents and ensure our children stay safe.

Below are essential fire safety tips to help keep little ones out of harm’s way.

Keeping kids safe from fire: steps for a safer home

• Store matches and lighters out of children's reach—preferably locked away in a high cabinet.
• Keep a close eye on kids and make sure they stay away from fire hazards like candles, cigarettes, bonfires, and stoves.
• Use their natural curiosity about fire, pretend cooking, or toy fire trucks as teaching moments to talk about fire safety.
• Help them understand that fire spreads quickly and burns instantly—matches and lighters are tools for adults only.
• Teach kids to never touch matches or lighters and to tell an adult immediately if they find them.
• Set firm rules about fire use and explain the consequences of playing with fire.
• Be a role model—always use matches, lighters, candles, and campfires responsibly so kids don’t mimic unsafe behavior.
• Have open conversations about what they see online, in video games, movies, or social media, and teach them how to handle peer pressure related to fire.
• Praise children when they show respect for fire and follow safety rules.
• If a child shows an unusual fascination with fire or starts setting fires, act quickly.  Refer to our Youth Firesetter Intervention Program on our Fire Safety Education page.

According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), adults aged 65 and older are twice as likely to be killed or injured in a fire compared to the general population. As our older adult population continues to grow—now making up approximately 12% of the population in both the United States and Canada—taking proactive steps to prevent fires and stay safe is more important than ever. Factors like reduced mobility, slower reaction times, and medical conditions can increase fire risks, but following key safety precautions can significantly reduce the dangers. Below are essential fire safety tips to help keep you and your loved ones protected.

• Stay low for safety - If you live in a house, consider sleeping on the main floor to make emergency exits easier. Ensure smoke alarms are installed inside and outside all bedrooms. Keep a phone near your bed in case of an emergency. If you're looking for an apartment or high-rise, try to choose one with an automatic sprinkler system—sprinklers can put out fires faster than firefighters can arrive.
• Make sure alarms work for you - Most deadly fires happen while people are asleep. Since smoke can actually deepen sleep instead of waking you, it’s crucial to have a working smoke alarm. If you or someone in your home has hearing difficulties, consider installing a smoke alarm with flashing lights or vibrating alerts to ensure you're notified in an emergency. Find more information on smoke alarms on this page.
• Practice your escape plan - Regular fire drills can help you stay prepared. If you need assistance to escape, assign someone in your household to help, and have backup helpers in case they aren’t home. Use these drills to ensure everyone can hear and respond to smoke alarms properly. Find more information on home escape plans on this page.
• Ensure easy exit access - Check that all doors and windows can open easily from the inside. Locks and safety pins should be simple to release. If you have security bars, they should have emergency release mechanisms to allow for quick escape without sacrificing security. Make sure windows haven’t been painted shut or nailed down—if they have, arrange to have them fixed so they can open when needed.
• Keep a lifeline handy - Always have a phone within reach and keep emergency contact numbers close by. If fire or smoke blocks your exit, you’ll need to call for help and give emergency responders your location.

The NFPA also offers two eight-step guides on safety for older adults:

• 8 Steps to Fire Safety for Older Adults
• 8 Steps to Fall Safety for Older Adults

Burn injuries can happen in an instant but have lifelong consequences. Education and prevention are key to keeping ourselves and our loved ones safe from fire and burn-related accidents.

In British Columbia, the BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn Fund (BCPFFA Burn Fund) plays a vital role in supporting burn survivors of all ages. Through education, survivor support, and critical funding for medical care and recovery programs, the Burn Fund helps individuals rebuild their lives after burn injuries. Their programs provide financial assistance, housing for families during treatment, and educational initiatives to prevent burns before they happen.

Facts from the Burn Fund: 

• Scalds are the leading cause of burn injuries in children
• Approximately 150 patients with new burn injuries are treated at BC Children’s Hospital each year alone
• Scald burns account for 70 percent of all burns in children
• Scalds are most often caused by hot liquids, steam or hot bath water
• 78 percent of burn injuries in children happen to children under five
• Toddlers are at a developmental stage where they need to explore and experiment, often lacking awareness of danger in certain situations

Visit the BCPFFA Burn Fund website for more information.

Too Hot for Tots

Many people don’t realize just how common and severe childhood burn injuries can be—hot liquids, household appliances, and even bathwater can pose serious dangers.

• Teach kids that hot objects can cause burns.
• Install anti-scald devices on bathtub faucets and showerheads to prevent accidental burns.
• Always keep a close watch on children when they are in or near the bathtub.
• Check the water temperature before using the faucet—it should be below 100°F (38°C).
• Before getting into the tub or placing a child in, test the water first.
• Use your hand, wrist, and forearm to check the water temperature—it should feel warm, not too hot.
• Keep hot drinks and food toward the back of the counter or in the center of the table to prevent spills.
• Set up a "no-go zone" of at least three feet around stoves and areas where hot food and drinks are prepared or carried.
• When opening microwaved food, do so carefully and away from your face to avoid steam burns.
• Never cook, drink hot liquids, or carry hot food while holding a child.
• Avoid using the microwave to heat baby bottles. Instead, warm them under running warm water.
• Let microwaved food cool before eating.
• When heating soup, choose containers with a wide base to reduce the risk of tipping, or transfer the soup into a regular bowl after heating.

Learn more about the Too Hot for Tots program and burn prevention strategies.

Living in an apartment or high-rise building comes with unique fire safety challenges. With shared walls, common areas, and multiple residents in one structure, a fire in a single unit can quickly put the entire building at risk. It is essential for tenants to be proactive about fire prevention and preparedness. 

Understanding your building's fire safety features, knowing escape routes, and following key safety practices can help protect you, your family, and your neighbors. 

• For optimal safety, choose an apartment building with a full sprinkler system. 
• Schedule a meeting with your landlord or building management to familiarize yourself with the fire safety systems in place, such as fire alarms, sprinklers, emergency communication procedures, and evacuation plans.
• Identify all available stairwell exits on your floor so you have alternative escape routes if your usual exit is blocked by smoke or fire.
• Ensure that stairwell and exit doors are clearly labeled, remain unlocked, and are free from obstructions like security bars or storage items.
• In case of a fire, activate the nearest fire alarm as you exit to alert other residents and emergency responders.
• If the fire alarm goes off, check the door temperature before opening it. If it feels hot, find another exit. If it’s cool, proceed cautiously while closing doors behind you to slow the spread of fire.
• Pay close attention to any emergency announcements if the building has a communication system and follow the provided instructions.
• Always use the stairs to evacuate unless the fire department instructs otherwise. While most elevators are unsafe or do not operate during a fire, some newer buildings have emergency-rated elevators that are clearly marked for use in such situations.

Fire alarms in apartment buildings

A building’s fire alarm system consists of multiple components working together, some of which are not visible. Smoke detectors automatically detect smoke and trigger the alarm, while manual pull stations allow individuals to activate the alarm in an emergency. When the system is activated, it alerts residents to potential danger.

• Everyone should be familiar with the locations of manual pull stations, which are typically mounted on walls close to exit doors.
• If a fire occurs, pull the handle on the alarm station as you exit the building to alert others.
• When smoke or fire is detected, the system will emit a loud alarm sound. It’s important that everyone recognizes this sound and understands how to respond.
• If you hear a fire alarm, evacuate the building immediately and proceed to your designated meeting area. Remain outside until you receive confirmation that it’s safe to return.
• Every fire alarm should be treated as a real emergency. When the alarm sounds, exit the building without delay.
• Only activate a manual pull station if there is an actual fire or smoke. Frequent false alarms can lead to people ignoring alarms, which puts lives at risk. Additionally, false alarms place unnecessary strain on firefighters and emergency responders.

If fire or smoke is blocking all exits, return or stay in your apartment. Keep the door closed. Cover cracks around the door with towels or tape. Call 9-1-1 and let the fire department know you are trapped.

Welcome to Prince George! Whether you are new to Canada or moving into a new home here, it’s important to understand fire safety rules and what to do in case of an emergency. Fire safety regulations may be different from what you are used to, so knowing what to expect can help keep you and your family safe.

Homes and apartments here are equipped with fire safety devices such as smoke alarms, carbon monoxide alarms, fire extinguishers, fire alarm systems, and sprinkler systems (in some buildings). It is important to know what these are, how they work, and what to do if a fire occurs. Fire alarm systems are designed to alert everyone in the building of a fire, and when they sound, you must evacuate immediately.

Preparing for an emergency

• Know that the emergency number in Prince George is 9-1-1, and teach children how to call it in case of an emergency.
• Know your address so you can tell emergency responders where you are.
• Ensure your home has working smoke alarms 
• Have a home escape plan—know two ways out of every room.
  • Find more information on home escape plans on this page.
• If you do not speak English, keep a card with emergency phrases and your address written in English to show someone who can call for help.

Fire prevention at home

• Never disable smoke alarms—they save lives.
• Never leave cooking unattended. Keep flammable items away from the stove.
• Do not overload electrical outlets or use damaged cords.
• Keep space heaters away from things that can burn like curtains, furniture, and bedding.
• If you smoke, do so outside and safely dispose of cigarette butts in a metal container.
• Do not use a BBQ, grill, or outdoor heater indoors—this can cause fires and release dangerous gases.
• Never block exits—keep doors and windows clear in case of emergency.
• Find more information on electrical, heater, smoking, and cooking safety on this page.

Smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms

• Your home should have working smoke alarms on every level and inside or near sleeping areas.
• Test smoke alarms monthly by pressing the test button.
• Change the batteries at least once a year (or as needed).
• Never disable a smoke alarm, even if it goes off due to cooking—use the fan or open a window instead.
• If you hear a smoke alarm, treat it as an emergency and follow your escape plan.
• Carbon monoxide (CO) is a deadly gas with no smell—ensure CO alarms are installed if required. If the alarm sounds, leave your home and then call 9-1-1. 
• Find additional information on smoke and carbon monoxide alarms on this page.

Fire alarm systems in apartments & buildings

• If the fire alarm system in your building sounds, evacuate immediately—do not assume it is a false alarm – always treat every alarm as real. 
• If you accidentally set off the alarm, do not hide or feel afraid. You will not get in trouble. Firefighters want you to evacuate to keep you safe.
• Know where the nearest exits are (do not use elevators during a fire).
• If you cannot leave safely, stay in your unit, call 9-1-1, and follow instructions from dispatchers or firefighters.
• Do not tamper with fire alarm pull stations or disable alarms in your building.

What to do if a fire starts

• Get out immediately and stay out—do not go back inside for any reason until authorities confirm it is safe.
• If safe, close doors behind you on your way out to slow the spread of fire.
• Call 9-1-1 from a safe location. Tell the operator your address and the emergency.

Fire extinguishers

• Used to put out small fires. 
• Only attempt to put out a fire if it is small and safe to do so.
• Know where fire extinguishers are in your home and how to use them (PASS method: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, Sweep side to side).
• Only use a fire extinguisher if the fire is small, you feel safe to do so, and not spreading—if in doubt, evacuate and call 9-1-1.
• Find additional information on fire extinguishers on this page.

Fire safety is an important part of life. By understanding how to prevent fires and what to do in an emergency, you can help keep yourself and your loved ones safe. If you have any questions, contact your local fire department—they are here to help!

Stay aware, be prepared, and always take fire alarms seriously.

As a babysitter, you are responsible for keeping the children in your care safe, including knowing what to do in case of a fire or emergency. Fires can start quickly, and knowing how to prevent them—and how to react if one occurs—can make all the difference. It’s important to be aware of potential fire hazards in the home, understand how fire safety devices work, and be prepared to act calmly and quickly if needed.

Ask if there is a home escape plan and make sure you understand it

• Know at least two ways to exit every room in case of emergency.
• Be aware of the designated outdoor meeting spot where everyone should gather.
• Learn the fire department or emergency contact number – 9-1-1.
• Understand how to unlock all doors and windows in the house.                               
• Find more information on home escape plans on this page.

If you’re cooking for children

• Keep the child at least 3 feet away from the stove and the microwave.
• Never leave the kitchen unattended while cooking.
• Keep anything flammable away from the stovetop.
• Ensure pets stay off surfaces and countertops.
• Find more information on cooking safety on this page.

If smoke alarm goes off

• Evacuate the home quickly with the child to safety.
• If smoke is blocking the path, use the second exit to leave.
• Get low and crawl under the smoke to the exit if you must escape through it.

Additional safety tips

• Store matches and lighters out of reach of children, and avoid using candles while babysitting.
• Ensure that there are working smoke alarms in the home where you are babysitting.
• Keep a 3-foot “kid-free zone” around space heaters at all times.
• Always know where to reach the parents—ensure you have their contact details and know the home address where you are babysitting.

With each season comes its own unique fire safety considerations. Whether it’s decorating your home for the holidays, preparing for winter, or celebrating Halloween, taking extra precautions can help prevent accidents and keep your home safe. Fires can start in many ways during the busy holiday season, and it’s essential to stay vigilant about potential risks. 

Below are key fire safety tips to help protect your home and family during winter, Christmas, and Halloween:

Winter Holiday Safety

Holiday decorating

• Be mindful with holiday decorations: Opt for decorations that are flame-resistant or flame-retardant to reduce fire risks.
• Keep lit candles away from decorations and anything flammable to prevent accidental fires.
• Check if lights are for indoor or outdoor use: Use lights as intended to avoid electrical hazards.
• Replace lights with damaged cords, frayed wires, or loose bulbs: Always follow the manufacturer's guidelines on how many light strands can be connected.
• Use clips, not nails, to hang lights: This will prevent damage to the cords and reduce the risk of sparks or electrical malfunctions.
• Keep decorations away from windows and doors to prevent them from being knocked over or damaged.

Christmas tree safety

• When choosing a Christmas tree, select one with fresh, green needles that won’t easily fall off when touched.
• Before placing the tree in its stand, cut about 2 inches off the bottom of the trunk to help it absorb water better.
• Ensure the tree is positioned at least three feet away from any heat source such as fireplaces, radiators, candles, heating vents, or lights.
• Make sure the tree does not block any exits to allow easy evacuation in case of emergency.
• Keep the tree stand filled with water and remember to add water daily to prevent the tree from drying out.
• Use only lights that have been approved by a qualified testing laboratory. Be sure to use indoor lights indoors and outdoor lights outdoors.
• Replace any lights with damaged cords, broken bulbs, or loose connections. Always check the manufacturer’s guidelines regarding the number of light strands that can be safely connected.
• Never use lit candles to decorate the tree, as they pose a significant fire risk.
• Always turn off the Christmas tree lights before leaving the house or going to bed to reduce the risk of fire.
• Dispose of the tree once it becomes dry or after Christmas. Dry trees are a major fire hazard and should never be left in the house, garage, or placed near the home.
• After the holidays, bring outdoor lights inside to prevent damage and reduce the risk of hazards.

Holiday entertaining

• Test smoke alarms before guests arrive and let them know your fire escape plan.
• Keep children and pets away from burning candles to prevent burns or fires.
• Store matches and lighters in a locked cabinet out of reach of children.
• Stay in the kitchen when cooking on the stove, never leaving food unattended.
• Before leaving the room or heading to bed, always blow out any lit candles, and turn off all light strings and decorations.
• Encourage smokers to go outside and remind them to keep their smoking materials with them to prevent accidents.
• Provide deep, sturdy ashtrays for smokers, and always wet cigarette butts with water before discarding them to ensure they’re fully extinguished.

Winter Freeze Tips

• Have your furnace inspected and serviced by a qualified professional in the past 12 months. Furnaces should receive regular servicing at least once a year to ensure they are working efficiently and safely.
• Get chimneys and vents cleaned and inspected by a professional and also checked for creosote buildup. This buildup is a common cause of chimney fires, and cleaning should be done annually to prevent dangerous situations.
• Ensure the wood used in your fireplace or wood stove is dry and well-seasoned. Using properly seasoned wood helps ensure that the fire burns efficiently and reduces the amount of smoke produced.
• Ensure the fireplace has a sturdy metal or heat-tempered glass screen, which is in good condition and securely positioned in front of the fireplace. This helps prevent sparks from escaping and causing potential fires.
• Keep a covered metal container on hand to dispose of cooled ashes. After use, make sure to store this container at least 10 feet away from the home or any nearby buildings to avoid a fire hazard.
• Ensure children are aware of the importance of staying at least 3 feet away from the fireplace, wood or pellet stove, oil stove, or any space heaters. This helps to prevent burns and other accidents.
• Ensure that portable space heaters have an automatic shut-off feature to help prevent overheating and reduce the risk of fire if the heater tips over.
• When using portable space heaters, make sure they are plugged directly into an outlet and placed at least three feet away from anything that could catch fire, including bedding, paper, or walls. Place reminders throughout the home to turn off the heaters when leaving a room or going to bed.
• Test smoke alarms to ensure they are working properly. It’s essential to have smoke alarms installed on every level of the home, inside each bedroom, and outside of separate sleeping areas. Interconnected alarms provide the best protection by sounding off simultaneously.
• Tested carbon monoxide alarms to make sure they are functioning correctly. These alarms should be placed outside each sleeping area and on every level of the home to provide maximum safety.

Halloween fire safety

• When picking a Halloween costume, avoid long trailing fabric that could cause tripping. If your child wears a mask, ensure the eye holes are large enough for them to see clearly.
• Provide your child with a flashlight or a glow stick as part of their costume to help them stay visible in the dark.
• Decorations like dried flowers, cornstalks, and crepe paper are highly flammable. Keep all decorations well away from open flames, light bulbs, and heat sources such as heaters.
• Opt for a battery-operated candle or glow stick for jack-o-lanterns. If using a real candle, exercise caution and supervise children closely. When lighting candles inside pumpkins, use a long match or utility lighter. Place the lit pumpkins in a safe location, far from anything that could catch fire and out of the way of trick-or-treaters, doorsteps, walkways, and yards.
• Ensure that decorations do not block exits, leaving clear pathways for a quick escape in case of an emergency.
• Test your smoke alarms to make sure they are functioning properly.
• Teach children to avoid open flames, including candles in jack-o-lanterns. Make sure they understand how to stop, drop, and roll if their clothing catches fire. Practice this with them by having them stop immediately, drop to the ground, cover their face with their hands, and roll over and over to extinguish any flames.
• If your children are attending Halloween parties at other homes, encourage them to identify the nearest exits and plan how to safely evacuate in case of an emergency.

Living in Prince George, we are surrounded by beautiful forests and natural landscapes, but we also need to be mindful of the risk of wildfires. Whether you are in a rural or urban area, understanding how to prevent wildfires and knowing what to do in the event of one is essential to keeping yourself, your family, and your community safe. 

See our Emergency Planning, Emergency Response, and FireSmart pages for important wildfire prevention tips to help reduce the risk of a fire starting and spreading, and steps you can take to protect your home and loved ones.